Multiply 2-digit by 3-digit Numbers

Master big multiplication with these simple steps!

Understanding Big Multiplication

Multiplying larger numbers might seem tricky, but it's just like regular multiplication with a few extra steps!
When we multiply a 2-digit number by a 3-digit number, we break it down into smaller, easier problems. We'll use the distributive property to multiply each digit separately and then add all the partial products together. It's like building a multiplication sandwich!

Step-by-Step Method

Step 1: Write the numbers vertically with the larger number on top
Step 2: Multiply the top number by the ones digit of the bottom number
Step 3: Write a zero in the ones place, then multiply by the tens digit
Step 4: Write two zeros, then multiply by the hundreds digit
Step 5: Add all the partial products together

Let's Practice Together!

Example 1: 45 × 123

Click to see the step-by-step solution!

Let's solve 45 × 123:

1. First multiply 45 × 3 = 135

2. Next multiply 45 × 20 = 900 (write 45 × 2 and add a zero)

3. Then multiply 45 × 100 = 4500 (write 45 × 1 and add two zeros)

4. Now add them together: 135 + 900 + 4500 = 5,535

Answer: 45 × 123 = 5,535

Example 2: 78 × 345

Try solving this one first, then check your answer!

Let's solve 78 × 345:

1. First multiply 78 × 5 = 390

2. Next multiply 78 × 40 = 3,120 (write 78 × 4 and add a zero)

3. Then multiply 78 × 300 = 23,400 (write 78 × 3 and add two zeros)

4. Now add them together: 390 + 3,120 + 23,400 = 26,910

Answer: 78 × 345 = 26,910

Parent Tips 🌟

  • Real-world practice: Have your child calculate totals when shopping (e.g., price per item × quantity) to make math meaningful.
  • Break it down: Encourage your child to solve problems on graph paper to keep numbers neatly aligned.
  • Make it fun: Create a multiplication bingo game with 2-digit × 3-digit problems as a fun way to practice.

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